Polyphase Induction Motors
![A typical three phase motor. A typical three phase motor.](http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-gv-dxzYE_j4/U-bmH6hLa8I/AAAAAAAAA0Y/zGQTRgRRUDg/s1600/Polyphase+Motor+1A.jpg) |
Figure 1: A typical three phase motor. |
![Stator of a three phase motor. Stator of a three phase motor.](http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-vn0P1T2t5Go/U-bnE4fzyyI/AAAAAAAAA0g/It0oXJFnLQg/s1600/Polyphase+Motor+1B.jpg) |
Figure 2: Stator of a three phase motor.
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![Rotor of a three phase motor Rotor of a three phase motor](http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-fM1cRtExTNk/U-bniW8RJmI/AAAAAAAAA0o/YsBJFETPvZY/s1600/Polyphase+Motor+1C.jpg) |
Figure 3: Rotor of a three phase motor. |
![Stator of a three phase motor with all the coils in their slots. Stator of a three phase motor with all the coils in their slots.](http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-s29MMedFGB4/U-bn71o8VRI/AAAAAAAAA0w/izeaM9Pnqkk/s1600/Polyphase+Motor+1D.jpg) |
Figure 4: Stator of a three phase motor with all the coils in their slots.
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![A portion of a three phase winding as it would appear if the slots were laid flat. A portion of a three phase winding as it would appear if the slots were laid flat.](http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-JJoCIrxZvsk/U-boh5p_xZI/AAAAAAAAA04/xNBqs_SfCg8/s1600/Polyphase+Motor+2A.jpg) |
Figure 5: A portion of a three phase winding as it would appear if the slots were laid flat. |
![Two typical types of slots found in the stators of three phase motors. Two typical types of slots found in the stators of three phase motors.](http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-BzzKsqNWoc0/U-bpFsF5OmI/AAAAAAAAA1E/Lw-DfGw-TOc/s1600/Polyphase+Motor+2B.jpg) |
Figure 6: Two typical types of slots found in the stators of three phase motors. |
![Motor using cuffed insulation in slots Motor using cuffed insulation in slots](http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-CzGSNjfD5Fk/U-bpj3HIT7I/AAAAAAAAA1M/91cZxGxSUuI/s1600/Polyphase+Motor+2C.jpg) |
Figure 7: Motor using cuffed insulation in slots. |
![An untaped coil used in semiclosed slots. An untaped coil used in semiclosed slots.](http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-Ix3750gxSZQ/U-bp7HXYuMI/AAAAAAAAA1U/O8b80EYQMVA/s1600/Polyphase+Motor+2D.jpg) |
Figure 8: An untaped coil used in semiclosed slots. |
![Starting to place coils in slots. Starting to place coils in slots.](http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-88BcWm9i4-0/U-bqORYrtmI/AAAAAAAAA1c/p1UEXIhYrcA/s1600/Polyphase+Motor+2E.jpg) |
Figure 9: Starting to place coils in slots. |
![The method of placing one side of each coil in slot. The method of placing one side of each coil in slot.](http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-AnUM-YevFcM/U-bqq4ehMHI/AAAAAAAAA1k/M8P9Uo4bQv4/s1600/Polyphase+Motor+3A.jpg) |
Figure 10: The method of placing one side of each coil in slot. |
![The method of placing the sides of two coils in a slot with insulation. The method of placing the sides of two coils in a slot with insulation.](http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-79cSHnOTdPA/U-brE2fA7oI/AAAAAAAAA1s/R6ipJUC3aww/s1600/Polyphase+Motor+3B.jpg) |
Figure 11: The method of placing the sides of two coils in a slot with insulation. |
![A diagram of a star connection, also called a Y connection. A diagram of a star connection, also called a Y connection.](http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-TGNZ0lP6IoA/U-brfrPFuYI/AAAAAAAAA10/bh6r6swJHMk/s1600/Polyphase+Motor+4A.jpg) |
Figure 12: A diagram of a star connection, also called a Y connection. |
![A diagram of a delta connection. A diagram of a delta connection.](http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-COTK-TwO9f0/U-br4O7ZyfI/AAAAAAAAA18/jZAhXzq-GFM/s1600/Polyphase+Motor+4B.jpg) |
Figure 13: A diagram of a delta connection. |
![](http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-p99-6CwCvUI/U-bsLGb_9hI/AAAAAAAAA2E/tGmgtN4GEI4/s1600/Polyphase+Motor+4C.jpg) |
Figure 14: A 36 coil, three phase motor with coils divided into poles. |
![The true shape of coils The true shape of coils](http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-1Q-DdSgfptw/U-btQRxV3pI/AAAAAAAAA2M/Ph0TNsz2wGA/s1600/Polyphase+Motor+4D.jpg) |
Figure 15: The true shape of coils shown in figure 14 above. |
![A simplified diagram of the coils in a three phase four pole motor. A simplified diagram of the coils in a three phase four pole motor.](http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-cpAYFVeD_Zo/U-btsc4Ud9I/AAAAAAAAA2U/Y7rsinPwDtU/s1600/Polyphase+Motor+5A.jpg) |
Figure 16: A simplified diagram of the coils in a three phase four pole motor. |
![Three groups in one pole, each group has three coils. Three groups in one pole, each group has three coils.](http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-crGo2Hw7oO0/U-buFZPw_wI/AAAAAAAAA2c/idQX0Mc4oJg/s1600/Polyphase+Motor+5B.jpg) |
Figure 17: Three groups in one pole, each group has three coils. |
![How the coils in a group are connected together. How the coils in a group are connected together.](http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-ZbukTNhSnJE/U-bu2FAe0BI/AAAAAAAAA2o/7mOQ9N0Brs0/s1600/Polyphase+Motor+5C.jpg) |
Figure 18: How the coils in a group are connected together. |
![A side view of the coil connections A side view of the coil connections](http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-hrLRXhdLV3o/U-bvLJDNUNI/AAAAAAAAA2w/x29B3j95WVs/s1600/Polyphase+Motor+5D.jpg) |
Figure 19: A side view of the coil connections shown in figure 18 above. |
![Three coils are group wound. Connections between coils are automatically made during the winding process. Three coils are group wound. Connections between coils are automatically made during the winding process.](http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-8lvI2dzbsOo/U-bvgayWAuI/AAAAAAAAA24/tYQKClBnac4/s1600/Polyphase+Motor+5E.jpg) |
Figure 20: Three coils are group wound. Connections between coils are automatically made during the winding process. |
![Coils connected in twelve groups of three coils each. Note that all poles are alike. Coils connected in twelve groups of three coils each. Note that all poles are alike.](http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-svbVsEl1odU/U-bwEmeCtVI/AAAAAAAAA3A/zztNNCR8pzs/s1600/Polyphase+Motor+6A.jpg) |
Figure 21: Coils connected in twelve groups of three coils each. Note that all poles are alike. |
![Connections of groups of phase A. Connections of groups of phase A.](http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-TsppkSwOEvs/U-bwkmGS5YI/AAAAAAAAA3I/LK9H6edbtkY/s1600/Polyphase+Motor+6B.jpg) |
Figure 22: Connections of groups of phase A. |
![Phase C connected exactly like phase A and connected before phase B to simplify connections. Phase C connected exactly like phase A and connected before phase B to simplify connections.](http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Y1vlcYrSoZg/U-bw4XNjM3I/AAAAAAAAA3Q/3r9hy0VEgKY/s1600/Polyphase+Motor+6C.jpg) |
Figure 23: Phase C connected exactly like phase A and connected before phase B to simplify connections. |
![The current flow in the B phase is opposite to the current flow to both the A and C phases, this is shown by the arrows under each group. The current flow in the B phase is opposite to the current flow to both the A and C phases, this is shown by the arrows under each group.](http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-9Cc0AG-Ji8w/U-bxVwcJlJI/AAAAAAAAA3Y/37Uh_vKnGk8/s1600/Polyphase+Motor+6D.jpg) |
Figure 24: The current flow in the B phase is opposite to the current flow to both the A and C phases, this is shown by the arrows under each group. |
![A diagram similar to figure 24 above except that rectangles are used instead of coils. A diagram similar to figure 24 above except that rectangles are used instead of coils.](http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-PfXLEuydSiw/U-bx-Bf_NoI/AAAAAAAAA3g/GFsIWHuSFYA/s1600/Polyphase+Motor+7A.jpg) |
Figure 25: A diagram similar to figure 24 above except that rectangles are used instead of coils. |
![A schematic diagram of a three phase four pole series star (1Y) motor. A schematic diagram of a three phase four pole series star (1Y) motor.](http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-a_5weJ2helU/U-byjip1D-I/AAAAAAAAA3o/QIP6_GCoB9k/s1600/Polyphase+Motor+7B.jpg) |
Figure 26: A schematic diagram of a three phase four pole series star (1Y) motor. |
![A schematic diagram of a three phase four pole series delta motor. A schematic diagram of a three phase four pole series delta motor.](http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-TTPQLl7JRWQ/U-by_8oZvYI/AAAAAAAAA3w/RzvmutnVroQ/s1600/Polyphase+Motor+7C.jpg) |
Figure 27: A schematic diagram of a three phase four pole series delta motor. |
![The A phase connection in a four pole series delta motor. The A phase connection in a four pole series delta motor.](http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-9uRVw2c-Xh0/U-bzXhCKdKI/AAAAAAAAA34/vZHfRxFmNX4/s1600/Polyphase+Motor+7D.jpg) |
Figure 28: The A phase connection in a four pole series delta motor. |
![The C and A phase connections in a four pole series delta motor. The end of the A phase is connected to the beginning of the C phase. The C and A phase connections in a four pole series delta motor. The end of the A phase is connected to the beginning of the C phase.](http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-qO0Iwip-T-c/U-bzz6sagxI/AAAAAAAAA4A/Epe84VeIbX4/s1600/Polyphase+Motor+8A.jpg) |
Figure 29: The C and A phase connections in a four pole series delta motor. The end of the A phase is connected to the beginning of the C phase. |
![A complete diagram of connections for a three phase four pole series delta motor. A complete diagram of connections for a three phase four pole series delta motor.](http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-rwD1zlEPhJk/U-b0TrhqY5I/AAAAAAAAA4I/-Hx9Hjp5oz4/s1600/Polyphase+Motor+8B.jpg) |
Figure 30: A complete diagram of connections for a three phase four pole series delta motor. |
![Markings and connections for Y connected dual voltage motor. Markings and connections for Y connected dual voltage motor.](http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-6jsE_5WjVeY/U-b0wNaYI2I/AAAAAAAAA4Q/SGJh0yffpRo/s1600/Polyphase+Motor+8C.jpg) |
Figure 31: Markings and connections for Y connected dual voltage motor. |
![Markings and connections for delta connected dual voltage motor. Markings and connections for delta connected dual voltage motor.](http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-YH6zxXLIOss/U-b1Ocwd7hI/AAAAAAAAA4c/CIdiyrANA30/s1600/Polyphase+Motor+9A.jpg) |
Figure 32: Markings and connections for delta connected dual voltage motor. |
![Wye delta connected dual voltage motor. Wye delta connected dual voltage motor.](http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-9M3nfLcrCVk/U-b1joPc10I/AAAAAAAAA4k/s5cgiG_hJFM/s1600/Polyphase+Motor+9B.jpg) |
Figure 33: Wye delta connected dual voltage motor. |
![Nine leads wye connected part winding motor. This is similar to a 9 leads dual voltage motor. Nine leads wye connected part winding motor. This is similar to a 9 leads dual voltage motor.](http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-KYRcIloKL2w/U-b1-EOyAqI/AAAAAAAAA4s/SEwgpJOcajA/s1600/Polyphase+Motor+10A.jpg) |
Figure 34: Nine leads wye connected part winding motor. This is similar to a 9 leads dual voltage motor. |
![Two methods of connecting a 9 leads delta part winding motor. Two methods of connecting a 9 leads delta part winding motor.](http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-pdpK5u8bcfg/U-b2gnZ4vJI/AAAAAAAAA40/OEJlPNnQk8I/s1600/Polyphase+Motor+10B.jpg) |
Figure 35: Two methods of connecting a 9 leads delta part winding motor. |
![](http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-k3aGjt4Q3_0/U-b3-QxdT7I/AAAAAAAAA5I/wLGohc5YIPU/s1600/Polyphase+Motor+11A.jpg)
![A four pole constant torque two speed motor. The parallel star (2Y) connection is used for high speed operation, the series delta for low speed operation. T4, T5, T6 to line; T1, T2, T3 connected together, for high speed. T1, T2, T3 to line; T4, T5, T6 not connected, for low speed. A four pole constant torque two speed motor. The parallel star (2Y) connection is used for high speed operation, the series delta for low speed operation. T4, T5, T6 to line; T1, T2, T3 connected together, for high speed. T1, T2, T3 to line; T4, T5, T6 not connected, for low speed.](http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-4H06Bnf4zqQ/U-b23U8uFyI/AAAAAAAAA48/m95n-klaSio/s1600/Polyphase+Motor+10C.jpg) |
Figure 36: A four pole constant torque two speed motor. The parallel star (2Y) connection is used for high speed operation, the series delta for low speed operation. T4, T5, T6 to line; T1, T2, T3 connected together, for high speed. T1, T2, T3 to line; T4, T5, T6 not connected, for low speed. |
![A two speed constant horsepower motor. The series delta connection is used for high speed operation; two parallel star for low speed. T1 T2 T3 to line; T4 T5 T6 connected together for low speed. T6 T4 T5 to line; T1 T2 T3 not connected for high speed. A two speed constant horsepower motor. The series delta connection is used for high speed operation; two parallel star for low speed. T1 T2 T3 to line; T4 T5 T6 connected together for low speed. T6 T4 T5 to line; T1 T2 T3 not connected for high speed.](http://3.bp.blogspot.com/-gi0JnSEVtqs/U-b4aXvwHCI/AAAAAAAAA5Q/CCIpcorpo0k/s1600/Polyphase+Motor+11C.jpg) |
Figure 37: A two speed constant horsepower motor. The series delta connection is used for high speed operation; two parallel star for low speed. T1 T2 T3 to line; T4 T5 T6 connected together for low speed. T6 T4 T5 to line; T1 T2 T3 not connected for high speed. |
![Two speed 7 leads motor. Constant torque. Two speed 7 leads motor. Constant torque.](http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-tr6TLlv29zU/U-b5QxGo_TI/AAAAAAAAA5Y/QQgXZfHP4ts/s1600/Polyphase+Motor+11D.jpg) |
Figure 38: Two speed 7 leads motor. Constant torque. |
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